Pericoronaritis, Qué es y Tratamientos

Es la inflamación e infección en los tejidos blandos que envuelven a un diente cuando están en proceso de erupción. Lo más común es que se observe alrededor de las muelas del juicio, está infección es habitual en personas mayores de 19 años. Ahora la pericoronaritis puede también verse en niños cuando están erupcionando los dientes.

Tipos de Pericoronaritis:

  1. La Pericoronaritis Crónica, es aquella molestia local que irradia en el área auricular, el dolor suele ser con molestias suaves que pueden durar 1 día y puede variar en el transcurso de los días con o sin molestias.
  2. La Pericoronaritis Aguda, su evolución es variada, su remisión puede ser espontánea o con baja influencia del tratamiento. Suele provocar síntomas como sería un dolor espontáneo en la zona retromolar junto con molestias en el proceso de masticar.

Las mucosas se observarán enrojecida con indentaciones en los dientes antagonistas.

  1. La Pericoronaritis Subaguda, es la progresión o la regresión tota en los tejidos cercanos. El síntoma es un dolor con intermitencia y con intensidad, que es acompañada de una supuración en una encía inflamada y rojiza.

 

Los Tratamientos actuales son:

  • La Exodoncia quirúrgica.
  • La Conducta expectante.
  • La Cauterización.
  • El Trasplante dental.
  • La Exéresis del capuchón mucoso.

 

  1. La Exodoncia quirúrgica, es un proceso quirúrgico donde se extrae el diente completo o parte de él, que ha quedado alojado en el alveolo. Este tipo de intervención es mediante anestesia local y con un método simple y preciso que no suele dar inconvenientes, aunque puede existir un poco de hemorragia posterior y dolor después de la cirugía.

Existe la posibilidad de que se puedan presentar una infección, aunque no son muy frecuentes.

  1. La Conducta expectante, se refiere al control del tercer molar, asía para prevenir posibles inconvenientes.

Una razón muy importante para conservar, es cuando se tiene duda de la vida en el transcurso del tiempo del segundo molar, es decir, que exista la posibilidad de extracción, así se usará posteriormente el tercer molar, como por ejemplo el pilar de una prótesis.

  1. La Cauterización, es cuando se coloca elementos cáusticos en el capuchón así para aliviar el dolor y con ello apresura la eliminación de la pericoronaritis crónica.

No se utiliza de manera habitual este método, ya que es preferible utilizar de manera correcta la antibióticoterapia y antiinflamatorio junto con enjuagues con sustancias salinas o también puede ser antisépticos. 

  1. El Trasplante dental, consiste en usar otro diente del paciente extrayéndolo de su lugar y colocándolo en la zona de la pieza faltante. Los elementos que se usan normalmente son de aquellas que se pueden prescindir como es la muela del juicio y se puede usar si la pieza es un molar faltante y en el caso que falte un canino se utilizará un premolar.

Actualmente se utiliza este método en pacientes por agrupación excesiva de dientes.

  1. La Exéresis del capuchón mucoso, consiste en quitar la parte mucosa que se encuentra sobre el tercer molar. Hoy en día esta clase de tratamiento de la pericoronaritis es muy poco usado.

Contáctanos para Tratamientos de Estética Dental en Murcia.

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